Теория
[tex]а^{m}.a^{n}=a^{m+n}[/tex], [tex](a^{m})^{n}=a^{m.n}[/tex], [tex]\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{-m} = \left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^{m}[/tex], [tex]\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}= \begin{cases} m>n \Rightarrow a^{m-n}\\ m<n \Rightarrow \frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\end{cases}[/tex], [tex]a^{\frac{m}{n}}=\sqrt[n]{a^{m}}[/tex]
(1)
[tex]A=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{3}.\left(\frac{9}{8}\right)^{-2}=\frac{(3^{1})^{3}}{(2^{2})^{3}}.\left(\frac{8}{9}\right)^{2}=\frac{(3^{1})^{3}}{(2^{2})^{3}}.\frac{(2^{3})^{2}}{(3^{2})^{2}}=\frac{3^{3}.\cancel{2^{6}}}{\cancel{2^{6}}.3^{4}}=\frac{1}{3^{4-3}}=\frac{1}{3}[/tex]
(2)
(a) [tex]7^{\frac{1}{3}}.7^{-\frac{5}{6}}.7^{\frac{5}{2}}=7^{\frac{1}{3}-\frac{5}{6}+\frac{5}{2}}=7^{\frac{2.1-5.1+5.3}{6}}=7^{\frac{12}{6}}=7^{2}=7.7=49[/tex]
(б) [tex]\frac{5^{\frac{2}{3}}.5^{-1}}{5^{-\frac{2}{3}}}=5^{\frac{2}{3}}.5^{-1}.5^{\frac{2}{3}}=5^{\frac{2}{3}-1+\frac{2}{3}}=5^{\frac{1}{3}}=\sqrt[3]{5}[/tex]
(3)
[tex]\left(a^{\frac{1}{2}}+3 \right)\left(a^{\frac{1}{3}} -2 \right)=a^{\frac{1}{2}}.a^{\frac{1}{3}}-2a^{\frac{1}{2}}+3a^{\frac{1}{3}}-6=a^{\frac{1}{6}}-2a^{\frac{1}{2}}+3a^{\frac{1}{3}}-6=\sqrt[6]{a}-2\sqrt{a}+3\sqrt[3]{a}-6[/tex]
(4)
[tex]B=\frac{1-a^{-\frac{1}{2}}}{1+a^{\frac{1}{2}}}-\frac{a^{\frac{1}{2}}+a^{-\frac{1}{2}}}{a-1}[/tex], [tex]:\begin{array}{|l} a\ge0 \\ a\ne1 \end{array}[/tex]
Ще използваме заместване за да опростим вида на израза
[tex]a^{\frac{1}{2}}=t, \Rightarrow \begin{cases} a^{-\frac{1}{2}}=(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{-1}=t^{-1}=\frac{1}{t} \\ a=(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{2} \rightarrow a=t^{2}\end{cases}[/tex]
Заместваме в оригиналния израз
[tex]B=\frac{1-a^{-\frac{1}{2}}}{1+a^{\frac{1}{2}}}-\frac{a^{\frac{1}{2}}+a^{-\frac{1}{2}}}{a-1}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{t}}{1+t}-\frac{t+\frac{1}{t}}{t^{2}-1}=\frac{\frac{t-1}{t}}{t+1}-\frac{\frac{t^{2}+1}{t}}{(t-1)(t+1)}[/tex]
[tex]B=\frac{t-1}{t(t+1)}-\frac{t^{2}+1}{t(t-1)(t+1)}=\frac{(t-1)(t-1)-(t^{2}+1)}{t(t-1)(t+1)}=\frac{t^{2}-2t+1-t^{2}-1}{t(t-1)(t+1)}=\frac{-2t}{t(t-1)(t+1)}=\frac{-2}{t^{2}-1}[/tex]
Връщеме оригиналната форма, като заместваме [tex]t=a^{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{a}[/tex]
[tex]B=\frac{-2}{(\sqrt{a})^{2}-1}=\frac{-2}{a-1}=-\frac{2}{a-1}=\frac{2}{1-a}[/tex]
[tex]\color{lightseagreen}\text{''Който никога не е правил грешка, никога не е опитвал нещо ново.''} \\
\hspace{21em}\text{(Алберт Айнщайн)}[/tex]