от ammornil » 18 Апр 2022, 00:01
Решете задачата като: Корен n-ти от z се определя от формулата на Моавър (в тригонометричен вид): [tex]\sqrt[n]{z}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt[n]{ІzІ}[/tex] ( cos [tex]\frac{ \varphi +2k \pi }{n}[/tex] +i sin [tex]\frac{ \varphi +2k \pi }{n}[/tex] )
a) [tex]\sqrt[3]{i}[/tex]
[tex]z=0+1i, \phantom{QQ} |z|=\sqrt{0^{2}+1^{2}}=1, \phantom{QQ} \begin{cases} Rez=0 \\ Imz=1 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \varphi _{z}=\frac{\pi}{2}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt[3]{z}=\sqrt[3]{1}.\left(\cos\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}+2k\pi}{3} +i \sin\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}+2k\pi}{3} \right)=\cos\left[(4k+1)\frac{\pi }{6} \right]+i \sin\left[(4k+1)\frac{\pi }{6} \right][/tex]
b) [tex]\sqrt[8]{-1}[/tex]
[tex]z=-1+0i, \phantom{QQ} |z|=\sqrt{(-1)^{2}+0^{2}}=1, \phantom{QQ} \begin{cases} Rez=-1 \\ Imz=0 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \varphi _{z}=\arctg{\frac{Imz}{Rez}}=\arctg{\frac{0}{-1}}=\pi[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt[8]{z}=\sqrt[8]{1}.\left(\cos\frac{\pi+2k\pi}{8} +i \sin\frac{\pi+2k\pi}{8} \right)=\cos\left[(2k+1)\frac{\pi }{8} \right]+i \sin\left[(2k+1)\frac{\pi }{8} \right][/tex]
c) [tex]\sqrt[5]{1-i}[/tex]
[tex]z=1-1i, \phantom{QQ} |z|=\sqrt{1^{2}+(-1)^{2}}=\sqrt{2}, \phantom{QQ} \begin{cases} Rez=1 \\ Imz=-1 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \varphi _{z}=\arctg{\frac{Imz}{Rez}}=\arctg{\frac{1}{-1}}=-\frac{\pi}{4}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt[5]{z}=\sqrt[5]{\sqrt{2}}.\left(\cos\frac{-\frac{\pi}{4}+2k\pi}{5} +i \sin\frac{-\frac{\pi}{4}+2k\pi}{5} \right)=\sqrt[10]{2} \left\{ \cos\left[(8k-1)\frac{\pi }{20} \right]+i \sin\left[(8k-1)\frac{\pi }{20} \right] \right\}[/tex]
d) [tex]\sqrt[3]{ \frac{1+i \sqrt{3} }{2} }[/tex]
[tex]z=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}i, \phantom{QQ} |z|=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^{2}}=1, \phantom{QQ} \begin{cases} Rez=\frac{1}{2} \\ Imz=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \end{cases} \Rightarrow \varphi _{z}=\arctg{\frac{Imz}{Rez}}=\arctg{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}}}=\arctg(\sqrt{3})=\frac{\pi}{3}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt[3]{z}=\sqrt[3]{1}.\left(\cos\frac{\frac{\pi}{3}+2k\pi}{3} +i \sin\frac{\frac{\pi}{3}+2k\pi}{3} \right)= \cos\left[(6k+1)\frac{\pi }{9} \right]+i \sin\left[(6k+1)\frac{\pi }{9} \right][/tex]
[tex]\color{lightseagreen}\text{''Който никога не е правил грешка, никога не е опитвал нещо ново.''} \\
\hspace{21em}\text{(Алберт Айнщайн)}[/tex]